An incremental encoder is an electro-mechanical apparatus that measures angular position. It does this by providing a specific number of pulses per revolution. Every pulse is measured as an increment, and these increments equate to the determined resolution. Hence the namesake, ‘incremental encoder’. These pulses are generated by an optical disk.

Incremental encoders do not store information, meaning they cannot “remember” the previous position. Due to an incremental encoder starting at zero every time it is switched on, the position or point of reference must be established before it starts counting again.  

Incremental Encoder Output

The output of incremental encoders consists of A, B, and Z signals. These signals are what supply the pulses that are used to measure angular position.

• “A” Channel: this indicates a singular line of pulses.
• “B” Channel: this indicates two lines of pulses.
• “Z” Channel: this is a one pulse per revolution signal.

The A and B channels are used to counteract one another as equal and opposite forces. This allows for the direction of the rotation to be determined. The Z channel is there to verify the A and B channels by way of homing and pulse. It can either be gated or ungated.

On some encoders, other channels can be added to provide communication. These channels can be found on servo motors, assisting the drive in ensuring that the correct amount of current is being applied by the motor, and that it is being applied in the correct order.

Heavy Duty Incremental Encoder Specifications

Heavy duty incremental encoders are specifically designed and manufactured to perform in harsh environments. They are robust and can function well in circumstances where extreme temperatures, moisture, contaminants, shock, and vibration are present.

They are often used in mining, mills, hoists, port installations, crane technology, and more.

At EP Normand, we have two types of heavy duty incremental encoders available. Both are Leine Linde encoders from the heavy-duty 800 series. This line is low on maintenance and cost-effective. These encoders feature:

• A dual set of heavy-duty bearings
• A well-encapsulated enclosure
• A Robust shaft ceiling (verified IP66)
• Stable and easy mounting
• A programmable speed switch
• Built-in condition monitoring
• Electronics designed to withstand harsh environments

To find out more about which heavy-duty incremental encoder will best suit your industrial environment, contact us at EP Normand.